# Erigon Erigon is an implementation of Ethereum (execution layer with embeddable consensus layer), on the efficiency frontier. [Archive Node](https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/archive-nodes/#what-is-an-archive-node) by default. ![Build status](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg) ![Coverage](https://gist.githubusercontent.com/revitteth/ee38e9beb22353eef6b88f2ad6ed7aa9/raw/badge.svg) - [System Requirements](#system-requirements) - [Usage](#usage) + [Getting Started](#getting-started) + [Logging](#logging) + [Testnets](#testnets) + [Block Production](#block-production-pow-miner-or-pos-validator) + [Windows](#windows) + [GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon) + [Beacon Chain](#beacon-chain-consensus-layer) + [Dev Chain](#dev-chain) - [Key features](#key-features) + [More Efficient State Storage](#more-efficient-state-storage) + [Faster Initial Sync](#faster-initial-sync) + [JSON-RPC daemon](#json-rpc-daemon) + [Run all components by docker-compose](#run-all-components-by-docker-compose) + [Grafana dashboard](#grafana-dashboard) - [Documentation](#documentation) - [FAQ](#faq) - [Getting in touch](#getting-in-touch) + [Erigon Discord Server](#erigon-discord-server) + [Reporting security issues/concerns](#reporting-security-issues/concerns) + [Team](#team) - [Known issues](#known-issues) + [`htop` shows incorrect memory usage](#htop-shows-incorrect-memory-usage) **Disclaimer**: this software is currently a tech preview. We will do our best to keep it stable and make no breaking changes but we don't guarantee anything. Things can and will break. **Important defaults**: Erigon is an Archive Node by default (to remove history see: `--prune` flags in `erigon --help`). We don't allow change this flag after first start. In-depth links are marked by the microscope sign (🔬) System Requirements =================== * For an Archive node of Ethereum Mainnet we recommend >=3TB storage space: 1.8TB state (as of March 2022), 200GB temp files (can symlink or mount folder `/temp` to another disk). Ethereum Mainnet Full node ( see `--prune*` flags): 400Gb (April 2022). * Goerli Full node (see `--prune*` flags): 189GB on Beta, 114GB on Alpha (April 2022). * Gnosis Chain Archive: 370GB (January 2023). * Polygon Mainnet Archive: 5TB. Polygon Mumbai Archive: 1TB. (April 2022). SSD or NVMe. Do not recommend HDD - on HDD Erigon will always stay N blocks behind chain tip, but not fall behind. Bear in mind that SSD performance deteriorates when close to capacity. RAM: >=16GB, 64-bit architecture. [Golang version >= 1.19](https://golang.org/doc/install); GCC 10+ or Clang; On Linux: kernel > v4 🔬 more details on disk storage [here](https://erigon.substack.com/p/disk-footprint-changes-in-new-erigon?s=r) and [here](https://ledgerwatch.github.io/turbo_geth_release.html#Disk-space). Usage ===== ### Getting Started For building the latest stable release (this will be suitable for most users just wanting to run a node): ```sh git clone --branch stable --single-branch https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon.git cd erigon make erigon ./build/bin/erigon ``` You can check [the list of releases](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/releases) for release notes. For building the bleeding edge development branch: ```sh git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon.git cd erigon git checkout devel make erigon ./build/bin/erigon ``` Default `--snapshots` for `mainnet`, `goerli`, `gnosis`, `chiado`. Other networks now have default `--snapshots=false`. Increase download speed by flag `--torrent.download.rate=20mb`. 🔬 See [Downloader docs](./cmd/downloader/readme.md) Use `--datadir` to choose where to store data. Use `--chain=gnosis` for [Gnosis Chain](https://www.gnosis.io/), `--chain=bor-mainnet` for Polygon Mainnet, and `--chain=mumbai` for Polygon Mumbai. For Gnosis Chain you need a [Consensus Layer](#beacon-chain-consensus-layer) client alongside Erigon (https://docs.gnosischain.com/node/guide/beacon). Running `make help` will list and describe the convenience commands available in the [Makefile](./Makefile). ### Datadir structure - chaindata: recent blocks, state, recent state history. low-latency disk recommended. - snapshots: old blocks, old state history. can symlink/mount it to cheaper disk. mostly immutable. must have ~100gb free space (for merge recent files to bigger one). - temp: can grow to ~100gb, but usually empty. can symlink/mount it to cheaper disk. - txpool: pending transactions. safe to remove. - nodes: p2p peers. safe to remove. ### Logging _Flags:_ - `verbosity` - `log.console.verbosity` (overriding alias for `verbosity`) - `log.json` - `log.console.json` (alias for `log.json`) - `log.dir.path` - `log.dir.prefix` - `log.dir.verbosity` - `log.dir.json` In order to log only to the stdout/stderr the `--verbosity` (or `log.console.verbosity`) flag can be used to supply an int value specifying the highest output log level: ``` LvlCrit = 0 LvlError = 1 LvlWarn = 2 LvlInfo = 3 LvlDebug = 4 LvlTrace = 5 ``` To set an output dir for logs to be collected on disk, please set `--log.dir.path` If you want to change the filename prodiced from `erigon` you should also set the `--log.dir.prefix` flag to an alternate name. The flag `--log.dir.verbosity` is also available to control the verbosity of this logging, with the same int value as above, or the string value e.g. ' debug' or 'info'. Default verbosity is 'debug' (4), for disk logging. Log format can be set to json by the use of the boolean flags `log.json` or `log.console.json`, or for the disk output `--log.dir.json`. ### Modularity Erigon by default is "all in one binary" solution, but it's possible start TxPool as separated processes. Same true about: JSON RPC layer (RPCDaemon), p2p layer (Sentry), history download layer (Downloader), consensus. Don't start services as separated processes unless you have clear reason for it: resource limiting, scale, replace by your own implementation, security. How to start Erigon's services as separated processes, see in [docker-compose.yml](./docker-compose.yml). ### Embedded Consensus Layer On Ethereum Mainnet, Görli, and Sepolia, the Engine API can be disabled in favour of the Erigon native Embedded Consensus Layer. If you want to use the internal Consensus Layer, run Erigon with flag `--internalcl`. _Warning:_ Staking (block production) is not possible with the embedded CL. ### Testnets If you would like to give Erigon a try, but do not have spare 2TB on your drive, a good option is to start syncing one of the public testnets, Görli. It syncs much quicker, and does not take so much disk space: ```sh git clone --recurse-submodules -j8 https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon.git cd erigon make erigon ./build/bin/erigon --datadir= --chain=goerli ``` Please note the `--datadir` option that allows you to store Erigon files in a non-default location, in this example, in `goerli` subdirectory of the current directory. Name of the directory `--datadir` does not have to match the name of the chain in `--chain`. ### Block Production (PoW Miner or PoS Validator) **Disclaimer: Not supported/tested for Gnosis Chain and Polygon Network (In Progress)** Support only remote-miners. * To enable, add `--mine --miner.etherbase=...` or `--mine --miner.miner.sigkey=...` flags. * Other supported options: `--miner.extradata`, `--miner.notify`, `--miner.gaslimit`, `--miner.gasprice` , `--miner.gastarget` * JSON-RPC supports methods: eth_coinbase , eth_hashrate, eth_mining, eth_getWork, eth_submitWork, eth_submitHashrate * JSON-RPC supports websocket methods: newPendingTransaction * TODO: + we don't broadcast mined blocks to p2p-network yet, [but it's easy to accomplish](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/blob/9b8cdc0f2289a7cef78218a15043de5bdff4465e/eth/downloader/downloader.go#L673) + eth_newPendingTransactionFilter + eth_newBlockFilter + eth_newFilter + websocket Logs 🔬 Detailed explanation is [here](/docs/mining.md). ### Windows Windows users may run erigon in 3 possible ways: * Build executable binaries natively for Windows using provided `wmake.ps1` PowerShell script. Usage syntax is the same as `make` command so you have to run `.\wmake.ps1 [-target] `. Example: `.\wmake.ps1 erigon` builds erigon executable. All binaries are placed in `.\build\bin\` subfolder. There are some requirements for a successful native build on windows : * [Git](https://git-scm.com/downloads) for Windows must be installed. If you're cloning this repository is very likely you already have it * [GO Programming Language](https://golang.org/dl/) must be installed. Minimum required version is 1.19 * GNU CC Compiler at least version 10 (is highly suggested that you install `chocolatey` package manager - see following point) * If you need to build MDBX tools (i.e. `.\wmake.ps1 db-tools`) then [Chocolatey package manager](https://chocolatey.org/) for Windows must be installed. By Chocolatey you need to install the following components : `cmake`, `make`, `mingw` by `choco install cmake make mingw`. Make sure Windows System "Path" variable has: C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\lib\mingw\tools\install\mingw64\bin **Important note about Anti-Viruses** During MinGW's compiler detection phase some temporary executables are generated to test compiler capabilities. It's been reported some anti-virus programs detect those files as possibly infected by `Win64/Kryptic.CIS` trojan horse (or a variant of it). Although those are false positives we have no control over 100+ vendors of security products for Windows and their respective detection algorithms and we understand this might make your experience with Windows builds uncomfortable. To workaround the issue you might either set exclusions for your antivirus specifically for `build\bin\mdbx\CMakeFiles` sub-folder of the cloned repo or you can run erigon using the following other two options * Use Docker : see [docker-compose.yml](./docker-compose.yml) * Use WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) **strictly on version 2**. Under this option you can build Erigon just as you would on a regular Linux distribution. You can point your data also to any of the mounted Windows partitions ( eg. `/mnt/c/[...]`, `/mnt/d/[...]` etc) but in such case be advised performance is impacted: this is due to the fact those mount points use `DrvFS` which is a [network file system](#blocks-execution-is-slow-on-cloud-network-drives) and, additionally, MDBX locks the db for exclusive access which implies only one process at a time can access data. This has consequences on the running of `rpcdaemon` which has to be configured as [Remote DB](#for-remote-db) even if it is executed on the very same computer. If instead your data is hosted on the native Linux filesystem non limitations apply. **Please also note the default WSL2 environment has its own IP address which does not match the one of the network interface of Windows host: take this into account when configuring NAT for port 30303 on your router.** ### Using TOML or YAML Config Files You can set Erigon flags through a YAML or TOML configuration file with the flag `--config`. The flags set in the configuration file can be overwritten by writing the flags directly on Erigon command line ### Example `./build/bin/erigon --config ./config.yaml --chain=goerli` Assuming we have `chain : "mainnet"` in our configuration file, by adding `--chain=goerli` allows the overwrite of the flag inside of the yaml configuration file and sets the chain to goerli ### TOML Example of setting up TOML config file ``` `datadir = 'your datadir' port = 1111 chain = "mainnet" http = true "private.api.addr"="localhost:9090" "http.api" = ["eth","debug","net"] ``` ### YAML Example of setting up a YAML config file ``` datadir : 'your datadir' port : 1111 chain : "mainnet" http : true private.api.addr : "localhost:9090" http.api : ["eth","debug","net"] ``` ### Beacon Chain (Consensus Layer) Erigon can be used as an Execution Layer (EL) for Consensus Layer clients (CL). Default configuration is OK. If your CL client is on a different device, add `--authrpc.addr 0.0.0.0` ([Engine API] listens on localhost by default) as well as `--authrpc.vhosts ` where `` is your source host or `any`. [Engine API]: https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/blob/main/src/engine In order to establish a secure connection between the Consensus Layer and the Execution Layer, a JWT secret key is automatically generated. The JWT secret key will be present in the datadir by default under the name of `jwt.hex` and its path can be specified with the flag `--authrpc.jwtsecret`. This piece of info needs to be specified in the Consensus Layer as well in order to establish connection successfully. More information can be found [here](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/blob/main/src/engine/authentication.md). Once Erigon is running, you need to point your CL client to `:8551`, where `` is either `localhost` or the IP address of the device running Erigon, and also point to the JWT secret path created by Erigon. ### Multiple Instances / One Machine Define 6 flags to avoid conflicts: `--datadir --port --http.port --authrpc.port --torrent.port --private.api.addr`. Example of multiple chains on the same machine: ``` # mainnet ./build/bin/erigon --datadir="" --chain=mainnet --port=30303 --http.port=8545 --authrpc.port=8551 --torrent.port=42069 --private.api.addr=127.0.0.1:9090 --http --ws --http.api=eth,debug,net,trace,web3,erigon # sepolia ./build/bin/erigon --datadir="" --chain=sepolia --port=30304 --http.port=8546 --authrpc.port=8552 --torrent.port=42068 --private.api.addr=127.0.0.1:9091 --http --ws --http.api=eth,debug,net,trace,web3,erigon ``` Quote your path if it has spaces. ### Dev Chain 🔬 Detailed explanation is [DEV_CHAIN](/DEV_CHAIN.md). Key features ============ 🔬 See more detailed [overview of functionality and current limitations](https://ledgerwatch.github.io/turbo_geth_release.html). It is being updated on recurring basis. ### More Efficient State Storage **Flat KV storage.** Erigon uses a key-value database and storing accounts and storage in a simple way. 🔬 See our detailed DB walkthrough [here](./docs/programmers_guide/db_walkthrough.MD). **Preprocessing**. For some operations, Erigon uses temporary files to preprocess data before inserting it into the main DB. That reduces write amplification and DB inserts are orders of magnitude quicker. 🔬 See our detailed ETL explanation [here](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon-lib/blob/main/etl/README.md). **Plain state**. **Single accounts/state trie**. Erigon uses a single Merkle trie for both accounts and the storage. ### Faster Initial Sync Erigon uses a rearchitected full sync algorithm from [Go-Ethereum](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum) that is split into "stages". 🔬 See more detailed explanation in the [Staged Sync Readme](/eth/stagedsync/README.md) It uses the same network primitives and is compatible with regular go-ethereum nodes that are using full sync, you do not need any special sync capabilities for Erigon to sync. When reimagining the full sync, with focus on batching data together and minimize DB overwrites. That makes it possible to sync Ethereum mainnet in under 2 days if you have a fast enough network connection and an SSD drive. Examples of stages are: * Downloading headers; * Downloading block bodies; * Recovering senders' addresses; * Executing blocks; * Validating root hashes and building intermediate hashes for the state Merkle trie; * [...] ### JSON-RPC daemon Most of Erigon's components (txpool, rpcdaemon, snapshots downloader, sentry, ...) can work inside Erigon and as independent process. To enable built-in RPC server: `--http` and `--ws` (sharing same port with http) Run RPCDaemon as separated process: this daemon can use local DB (with running Erigon or on snapshot of a database) or remote DB (run on another server). 🔬 See [RPC-Daemon docs](./cmd/rpcdaemon/README.md) #### **For remote DB** This works regardless of whether RPC daemon is on the same computer with Erigon, or on a different one. They use TPC socket connection to pass data between them. To use this mode, run Erigon in one terminal window ```sh make erigon ./build/bin/erigon --private.api.addr=localhost:9090 --http=false make rpcdaemon ./build/bin/rpcdaemon --private.api.addr=localhost:9090 --http.api=eth,erigon,web3,net,debug,trace,txpool ``` #### **gRPC ports** `9090` erigon, `9091` sentry, `9092` consensus engine, `9093` torrent downloader, `9094` transactions pool Supported JSON-RPC calls ([eth](./cmd/rpcdaemon/commands/eth_api.go), [debug](./cmd/rpcdaemon/commands/debug_api.go) , [net](./cmd/rpcdaemon/commands/net_api.go), [web3](./cmd/rpcdaemon/commands/web3_api.go)): For a details on the implementation status of each command, [see this table](./cmd/rpcdaemon/README.md#rpc-implementation-status). ### Run all components by docker-compose Docker allows for building and running Erigon via containers. This alleviates the need for installing build dependencies onto the host OS. #### Optional: Setup dedicated user User UID/GID need to be synchronized between the host OS and container so files are written with correct permission. You may wish to setup a dedicated user/group on the host OS, in which case the following `make` targets are available. ```sh # create "erigon" user make user_linux # or make user_macos ``` #### Environment Variables There is a `.env.example` file in the root of the repo. * `DOCKER_UID` - The UID of the docker user * `DOCKER_GID` - The GID of the docker user * `XDG_DATA_HOME` - The data directory which will be mounted to the docker containers If not specified, the UID/GID will use the current user. A good choice for `XDG_DATA_HOME` is to use the `~erigon/.ethereum` directory created by helper targets `make user_linux` or `make user_macos`. #### Check: Permissions In all cases, `XDG_DATA_HOME` (specified or default) must be writeable by the user UID/GID in docker, which will be determined by the `DOCKER_UID` and `DOCKER_GID` at build time. If a build or service startup is failing due to permissions, check that all the directories, UID, and GID controlled by these environment variables are correct. #### Run Next command starts: Erigon on port 30303, rpcdaemon on port 8545, prometheus on port 9090, and grafana on port 3000. ```sh # # Will mount ~/.local/share/erigon to /home/erigon/.local/share/erigon inside container # make docker-compose # # or # # if you want to use a custom data directory # or, if you want to use different uid/gid for a dedicated user # # To solve this, pass in the uid/gid parameters into the container. # # DOCKER_UID: the user id # DOCKER_GID: the group id # XDG_DATA_HOME: the data directory (default: ~/.local/share) # # Note: /preferred/data/folder must be read/writeable on host OS by user with UID/GID given # if you followed above instructions # # Note: uid/gid syntax below will automatically use uid/gid of running user so this syntax # is intended to be run via the dedicated user setup earlier # DOCKER_UID=$(id -u) DOCKER_GID=$(id -g) XDG_DATA_HOME=/preferred/data/folder DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 COMPOSE_DOCKER_CLI_BUILD=1 make docker-compose # # if you want to run the docker, but you are not logged in as the $ERIGON_USER # then you'll need to adjust the syntax above to grab the correct uid/gid # # To run the command via another user, use # ERIGON_USER=erigon sudo -u ${ERIGON_USER} DOCKER_UID=$(id -u ${ERIGON_USER}) DOCKER_GID=$(id -g ${ERIGON_USER}) XDG_DATA_HOME=~${ERIGON_USER}/.ethereum DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 COMPOSE_DOCKER_CLI_BUILD=1 make docker-compose ``` Makefile creates the initial directories for erigon, prometheus and grafana. The PID namespace is shared between erigon and rpcdaemon which is required to open Erigon's DB from another process (RPCDaemon local-mode). See: https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/pull/2392/files If your docker installation requires the docker daemon to run as root (which is by default), you will need to prefix the command above with `sudo`. However, it is sometimes recommended running docker (and therefore its containers) as a non-root user for security reasons. For more information about how to do this, refer to [this article](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/linux-postinstall/#manage-docker-as-a-non-root-user). Windows support for docker-compose is not ready yet. Please help us with .ps1 port. ### Grafana dashboard `docker compose up prometheus grafana`, [detailed docs](./cmd/prometheus/Readme.md). ### old data Disabled by default. To enable see `./build/bin/erigon --help` for flags `--prune` Documentation ============== The `./docs` directory includes a lot of useful but outdated documentation. For code located in the `./cmd` directory, their respective documentation can be found in `./cmd/*/README.md`. A more recent collation of developments and happenings in Erigon can be found in the [Erigon Blog](https://erigon.substack.com/). FAQ ================ ### How much RAM do I need - Baseline (ext4 SSD): 16Gb RAM sync takes 6 days, 32Gb - 5 days, 64Gb - 4 days - +1 day on "zfs compression=off". +2 days on "zfs compression=on" (2x compression ratio). +3 days on btrfs. - -1 day on NVMe Detailed explanation: [./docs/programmers_guide/db_faq.md](./docs/programmers_guide/db_faq.md) ### Default Ports and Firewalls #### `erigon` ports | Component | Port | Protocol | Purpose | Should Expose | | --------- | ----- | --------- | --------------------------- | ------------- | | engine | 9090 | TCP | gRPC Server | Private | | engine | 42069 | TCP & UDP | Snap sync (Bittorrent) | Public | | engine | 6060 | TCP | Metrics or Pprof | Private | | engine | 8551 | TCP | Engine API (JWT auth) | Private | | sentry | 30303 | TCP & UDP | eth/68 peering | Public | | sentry | 30304 | TCP & UDP | eth/67 peering | Public | | sentry | 9091 | TCP | incoming gRPC Connections | Private | | rpcdaemon | 8545 | TCP | HTTP & WebSockets & GraphQL | Private | Typically, 30303 and 30304 are exposed to the internet to allow incoming peering connections. 9090 is exposed only internally for rpcdaemon or other connections, (e.g. rpcdaemon -> erigon). Port 8551 (JWT authenticated) is exposed only internally for [Engine API] JSON-RPC queries from the Consensus Layer node. #### `caplin` ports | Component | Port | Protocol | Purpose | Should Expose | | --------- | ---- | -------- | ---------------- | ------------- | | sentinel | 4000 | UDP | Peering | Public | | sentinel | 4000 | UDP | Peering | Public | | sentinel | 4001 | TCP | Peering | Public | | sentinel | 7777 | TCP | gRPC Connections | Private | If you are using `--internalcl` aka `caplin` as your consensus client, then also look at the chart above #### `shared` ports | Component | Port | Protocol | Purpose | Should Expose | | --------- | ----- | --------- | --------------------------- | ------------- | | all | 6060 | TCP | pprof | Private | | all | 6060 | TCP | metrics | Private | Optional flags can be enabled that enable pprof or metrics (or both) - however, they both run on 6060 by default, so you'll have to change one if you want to run both at the same time. use `--help` with the binary for more info. #### `other` ports Reserved for future use: **gRPC ports**: `9092` consensus engine, `9093` snapshot downloader, `9094` TxPool #### Hetzner expecting strict firewall rules ``` 0.0.0.0/8 "This" Network RFC 1122, Section 3.2.1.3 10.0.0.0/8 Private-Use Networks RFC 1918 100.64.0.0/10 Carrier-Grade NAT (CGN) RFC 6598, Section 7 127.16.0.0/12 Private-Use Networks RFC 1918 169.254.0.0/16 Link Local RFC 3927 172.16.0.0/12 Private-Use Networks RFC 1918 192.0.0.0/24 IETF Protocol Assignments RFC 5736 192.0.2.0/24 TEST-NET-1 RFC 5737 192.88.99.0/24 6to4 Relay Anycast RFC 3068 192.168.0.0/16 Private-Use Networks RFC 1918 198.18.0.0/15 Network Interconnect Device Benchmark Testing RFC 2544 198.51.100.0/24 TEST-NET-2 RFC 5737 203.0.113.0/24 TEST-NET-3 RFC 5737 224.0.0.0/4 Multicast RFC 3171 240.0.0.0/4 Reserved for Future Use RFC 1112, Section 4 255.255.255.255/32 Limited Broadcast RFC 919, Section 7 RFC 922, Section 7 ``` Same in [IpTables syntax](https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/6386/how-to-prevent-being-blacklisted-for-running-an-ethereum-client/13068#13068) ### How to get diagnostic for bug report? - Get stack trace: `kill -SIGUSR1 `, get trace and stop: `kill -6 ` - Get CPU profiling: add `--pprof flag` run `go tool pprof -png http://127.0.0.1:6060/debug/pprof/profile\?seconds\=20 > cpu.png` - Get RAM profiling: add `--pprof flag` run `go tool pprof -inuse_space -png http://127.0.0.1:6060/debug/pprof/heap > mem.png` ### How to run local devnet? 🔬 Detailed explanation is [here](/DEV_CHAIN.md). ### Docker permissions error Docker uses user erigon with UID/GID 1000 (for security reasons). You can see this user being created in the Dockerfile. Can fix by giving a host's user ownership of the folder, where the host's user UID/GID is the same as the docker's user UID/GID (1000). More details in [post](https://www.fullstaq.com/knowledge-hub/blogs/docker-and-the-host-filesystem-owner-matching-problem) ### Run RaspberyPI https://github.com/mathMakesArt/Erigon-on-RPi-4 ### How to change db pagesize [post](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/blob/devel/cmd/integration/Readme.md#copy-data-to-another-db) Getting in touch ================ ### Erigon Discord Server The main discussions are happening on our Discord server. To get an invite, send an email to `bloxster [at] proton.me` with your name, occupation, a brief explanation of why you want to join the Discord, and how you heard about Erigon. ### Reporting security issues/concerns Send an email to `security [at] torquem.ch`. Known issues ============ ### `htop` shows incorrect memory usage Erigon's internal DB (MDBX) using `MemoryMap` - when OS does manage all `read, write, cache` operations instead of Application ([linux](https://linux-kernel-labs.github.io/refs/heads/master/labs/memory_mapping.html) , [windows](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/memory/file-mapping)) `htop` on column `res` shows memory of "App + OS used to hold page cache for given App", but it's not informative, because if `htop` says that app using 90% of memory you still can run 3 more instances of app on the same machine - because most of that `90%` is "OS pages cache". OS automatically frees this cache any time it needs memory. Smaller "page cache size" may not impact performance of Erigon at all. Next tools show correct memory usage of Erigon: - `vmmap -summary PID | grep -i "Physical footprint"`. Without `grep` you can see details - `section MALLOC ZONE column Resident Size` shows App memory usage, `section REGION TYPE column Resident Size` shows OS pages cache size. - `Prometheus` dashboard shows memory of Go app without OS pages cache (`make prometheus`, open in browser `localhost:3000`, credentials `admin/admin`) - `cat /proc//smaps` Erigon uses ~4Gb of RAM during genesis sync and ~1Gb during normal work. OS pages cache can utilize unlimited amount of memory. **Warning:** Multiple instances of Erigon on same machine will touch Disk concurrently, it impacts performance - one of main Erigon optimisations: "reduce Disk random access". "Blocks Execution stage" still does many random reads - this is reason why it's slowest stage. We do not recommend running multiple genesis syncs on same Disk. If genesis sync passed, then it's fine to run multiple Erigon instances on same Disk. ### Blocks Execution is slow on cloud-network-drives Please read https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/issues/1516#issuecomment-811958891 In short: network-disks are bad for blocks execution - because blocks execution reading data from db non-parallel non-batched way. ### Filesystem's background features are expensive For example: btrfs's autodefrag option - may increase write IO 100x times ### Gnome Tracker can kill Erigon [Gnome Tracker](https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Tracker) - detecting miners and kill them. ### the --mount option requires BuildKit error For anyone else that was getting the BuildKit error when trying to start Erigon the old way you can use the below... ``` XDG_DATA_HOME=/preferred/data/folder DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 COMPOSE_DOCKER_CLI_BUILD=1 make docker-compose ```