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## Overview This rather extensive PR achieves two primary goals: 1. Uses the finalized/justified checkpoints of fork choice (FC), rather than that of the head state. 2. Refactors fork choice, block production and block processing to `async` functions. Additionally, it achieves: - Concurrent forkchoice updates to the EL and cache pruning after a new head is selected. - Concurrent "block packing" (attestations, etc) and execution payload retrieval during block production. - Concurrent per-block-processing and execution payload verification during block processing. - The `Arc`-ification of `SignedBeaconBlock` during block processing (it's never mutated, so why not?): - I had to do this to deal with sending blocks into spawned tasks. - Previously we were cloning the beacon block at least 2 times during each block processing, these clones are either removed or turned into cheaper `Arc` clones. - We were also `Box`-ing and un-`Box`-ing beacon blocks as they moved throughout the networking crate. This is not a big deal, but it's nice to avoid shifting things between the stack and heap. - Avoids cloning *all the blocks* in *every chain segment* during sync. - It also has the potential to clean up our code where we need to pass an *owned* block around so we can send it back in the case of an error (I didn't do much of this, my PR is already big enough 😅) - The `BeaconChain::HeadSafetyStatus` struct was removed. It was an old relic from prior merge specs. For motivation for this change, see https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/pull/3244#issuecomment-1160963273 ## Changes to `canonical_head` and `fork_choice` Previously, the `BeaconChain` had two separate fields: ``` canonical_head: RwLock<Snapshot>, fork_choice: RwLock<BeaconForkChoice> ``` Now, we have grouped these values under a single struct: ``` canonical_head: CanonicalHead { cached_head: RwLock<Arc<Snapshot>>, fork_choice: RwLock<BeaconForkChoice> } ``` Apart from ergonomics, the only *actual* change here is wrapping the canonical head snapshot in an `Arc`. This means that we no longer need to hold the `cached_head` (`canonical_head`, in old terms) lock when we want to pull some values from it. This was done to avoid deadlock risks by preventing functions from acquiring (and holding) the `cached_head` and `fork_choice` locks simultaneously. ## Breaking Changes ### The `state` (root) field in the `finalized_checkpoint` SSE event Consider the scenario where epoch `n` is just finalized, but `start_slot(n)` is skipped. There are two state roots we might in the `finalized_checkpoint` SSE event: 1. The state root of the finalized block, which is `get_block(finalized_checkpoint.root).state_root`. 4. The state root at slot of `start_slot(n)`, which would be the state from (1), but "skipped forward" through any skip slots. Previously, Lighthouse would choose (2). However, we can see that when [Teku generates that event]( |
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